Resveratrol activity in cancer

Research studies continue to find more interesting benefits from this compound, including potential anti-cancer and anti-aging activity. It is not surprising that extensive research from all over the globe indicates that it has a wide range of beneficial properties.

Resveratrol ( trans-3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene ) is a protective compound produced by grapes and other plants in response to environmental stresses. Studies have demonstrated that it has potent antioxidant activity and also has the ability to inhibit platelet aggregation. These actions may help prevent free radical damage throughout the body and provide protective support to the cardiovascular system.

Where is it found?
  Much of the resveratrol sold in supplement form is from the herb Polygonum cuspidatum which is available in various extract potencies, ranging from 5 percent to 50 percent.
Potential benefits
Over the next few years we are likely to discover that resveratrol has potential in the therapy of many conditions. It is a potent chemical and studies show it has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-infective properties, and it activates the longevity gene in fruit flies and worms.

Anti-aging and longevity
As to its anti-aging potential, resveratrol activates a cell's survival defense enzyme, which prolongs the time cells have to repair their broken DNA. It acts on fruit flies and worms in the same way as a method known to extend the life of animals including monkeys -- sharply restricting how much they eat. Resveratrol has been found to help mice live longer. Thus far, the research has focused in animals, worms and fruit flies, and we have no idea what would happen if humans ingested this supplement for prolonged periods, and how it interacts with other supplements or medications. Most of the resveratrol supplements on the market are an extract, usually 5 to 40 percent, of an herb called Polygonum cuspidatum which has a very high content of the substance. Therefore, when you take a resveratrol pill, you are also ingesting many other substances found within this herb.Resveratrol improves health and survival of mice on a high-calorie diet.
Nature. 2006.

Blood flow to brain
Effects of resveratrol on cerebral blood flow variables and cognitive performance in humans: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover investigation
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2010.
The many putative beneficial effects of the polyphenol resveratrol include an ability to bolster endogenous antioxidant defenses, modulate nitric oxide synthesis, and promote vasodilation, which thereby improves blood flow. In this study, 22 healthy adults received placebo and 2 doses (250 and 500 mg) of trans-resveratrol in counterbalanced order on separate days. After a 45-min resting absorption period, the participants performed a selection of cognitive tasks that activate the frontal cortex. Administration resulted in dose-dependent increases in cerebral blood flow during task performance. Cognitive function was not affected.Cancer
Recent laboratory studies indicate that resveratrol has promising therapeutic activity in various cancers, including breast, prostate, and neuroblastoma. Human studies are lacking at this time.

Role of resveratrol in prevention and therapy of cancer: preclinical and clinical studies.
Anticancer Res. 2004.
Resveratrol exhibits anticancer properties as suggested by its ability to suppress proliferation of a wide variety of tumor cells, including lymphoid and myeloid cancers; multiple myeloma; cancers of the breast, prostate, stomach, colon, pancreas, and thyroid; melanoma; head and neck squamous cell carcinoma; ovarian carcinoma; and cervical carcinoma. The growth-inhibitory effects are mediated through cell-cycle arrest; upregulation of p21Cip1/WAF1, p53 and Bax; down-regulation of survivin, cyclin D1, cyclin E, Bcl-2, Bcl-xL and clAPs; and activation of caspases.

Breast cancer
Identification of a p53-dependent pathway in the induction of apoptosis of human breast cancer cells by the natural product, resveratrol.
J Altern Complement Med. 2004.

Glioma
Resveratrol suppresses the angiogenesis and tumor growth of gliomas in rats.
Clin Cancer Res. 2004.

Lung cancer
Consumption of red wine is associated with a slight but statistically significant reduction in the development of lung cancer, as reported in the journal Thorax.

Neuroblastoma
NB is an aggressive childhood cancer of the peripheral nervous system arising from neural crest sympathoadrenal progenitor cells.

Curcumin and resveratrol induce apoptosis and nuclear translocation and activation of p53 in human neuroblastoma.
Anticancer Res. 2004.

Prostate cancer
Coral Lamartiniere, at the University of Alabama at Birmingham's Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, gave male mice resveratrol, the equivalent of that found in a bottle of red wine in humans, and discovered that the mice were significantly less likely to develop prostate cancer.

Curcumin synergizes with resveratrol to inhibit colon cancer.
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19838927
by AP Majumdar - 2009 - Cited by 36 - Majumdar AP, Banerjee S, Nautiyal J, Patel BB, Patel V, Du J, Yu Y, Elliott AA, Levi E, Sarkar FH .

Resveratrol inhibits pancreatic cancer stem cell characteristics in ...
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21304978
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Role of resveratrol in prevention and therapy of cancer: preclinical ...

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Role of resveratrol in prevention and therapy of cancer: preclinical and clinical studies. Aggarwal BB, Bhardwaj A, Aggarwal RS, Seeram NP, Shishodia S, ...
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Nov 1, 2007 – Resveratrol: a review of preclinical studies for human cancer prevention. Athar M, Back JH, Tang X, Kim KH, Kopelovich L, Bickers DR, Kim AL.

Resveratrol - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resveratrol
There have since been many studies of the anti-cancer activity of resveratrol in animal models. ..... //www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2893585/.

Cancer prevention

In 1997, Jang reported that topical resveratrol applications prevented skin cancer development in mice treated with a carcinogen.[33] There have since been many studies of the anti-cancer activity of resveratrol in animal models.[12]

Resveratrol has been shown to induce apoptosis in platelets,[34][35] and smooth muscle.[36][36][37]

Clinical trials to investigate the effects on colon cancer and melanoma (skin cancer) are currently recruiting patients.[39] The study of pharmacokinetics of resveratrol in humans concluded, however, that even high doses of resveratrol might be insufficient to achieve the resveratrol concentrations required for the systemic prevention of cancer.[40]

This is consistent with the results from the animal cancer models, which indicate the in vivo effectiveness of resveratrol is limited by its poor systemic bioavailability.[41][42] The strongest evidence of anticancer action of resveratrol exists for tumors it can contact directly, such as skin and gastrointestinal tract tumors. For other cancers, the evidence is uncertain, even if massive doses of resveratrol are used.[38]

Thus, resveratrol (1 mg/kg orally) reduced the number and size of the esophageal tumors in rats treated with a carcinogen;[43] and in several studies, small doses (0.02–8 mg/kg) of resveratrol, given prophylactically, reduced or prevented the development of intestinal and colon tumors in rats given different carcinogens.[38] Similarly, topical application of resveratrol in mice, both before and after the UVB exposure, inhibited the skin damage and decreased skin cancer incidence, however, oral resveratrol was ineffective in treating mice inoculated with melanoma cells. Resveratrol given orally also had no effect on leukemia and lung cancer;[38][44] however, injected intraperitoneally, 2.5 or 10 mg/kg of resveratrol slowed the growth of metastatic Lewis lung carcinomas in mice.[38][45]

Resveratrol treatment appeared to prevent the development of mammary tumors in animal models; however, it had no effect on the growth of existing tumors. Paradoxically, treatment of prepubertal mice with high doses of resveratrol enhanced formation of tumors. Injected in high doses into mice, resveratrol slowed the growth of neuroblastomas.[38]

Anti-inflammatory effects

The anti-inflammatory effects of resveratrol have been demonstrated in several animal model studies. In a rat model of carrageenan-induced paw edema, resveratrol inhibited both acute and chronic phases of the inflammatory process.[84] Similarly, preincubation with resveratrol decreased arachidonic acid release and COX-2 induction in mouse peritoneal macrophages stimulated with tumor promoter PMA, ROI, or lipopolysaccharides (LPS).[85] In an experimental rabbit inflammatory arthritis model, resveratrol showed promise as a potential therapy for arthritis. When administered to rabbits with induced inflammatory arthritis, resveratrol protected cartilage against the progression of inflammatory arthritis.[86]

Resveratrol interferes with all three stages of carcinogenesis—initiation, promotion and progression. Experiments in cell cultures of varied types and isolated subcellular systems in vitro imply many mechanisms in the pharmacological activity of resveratrol. These mechanisms include modulation of the transcription factor NF-κB,[138] inhibition of the cytochrome P450 isoenzyme CYP1A1[139] (although this may not be relevant to the CYP1A1-mediated bioactivation of the procarcinogen benzo(a)pyrene),[140] alterations in androgenic [141] actions, and expression and activity of cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes. In vitro, resveratrol "inhibited the proliferation of human pancreatic cancer cell lines." In some lineages of cancer cell culture, resveratrol has been shown to induce apoptosis, which means it kills cells and may kill cancer cells.[141][142][143][144][145][146] Resveratrol has been shown to induce Fas/Fas ligand mediated apoptosis, p53 and cyclins A, B1, and cyclin-dependent kinases cdk 1 and 2. Resveratrol also possesses antioxidant and anti-angiogenic properties.[11



I give Lucy a 85# Lab 8 years old, 1   100mg Resveratrol capsule in AM meal.